Nano-magnesium oxide is a new type of high-functional fine inorganic material. In addition to the properties and uses of ordinary magnesium oxide, due to the nanoscale of the particles, nano-magnesium oxide has a series of properties that ordinary magnesium oxide does not have due to the surface effect, quantum size effect, volume effect, and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect shared by nanoparticles, thus opening up a series of new application fields. Nano-magnesium oxide has special properties such as heat, light, electricity, mechanics, and chemistry that are different from the bulk material, and has important application prospects and huge economic potential in industry.
Infrared absorption is a kind of stealth technology. Infrared stealth materials are a hot spot in the current research of stealth technology. It has broad research prospects. This paper adopts liquid phase precipitation thermal decomposition method to prepare nano-magnesium oxide. The precursor magnesium hydroxide is synthesized with different magnesium salts and precipitant sodium hydroxide. The particle size and morphology of the nano-magnesium oxide precursor are controlled by controlling the reactant addition method, reaction time and temperature, mechanical stirring speed and other factors, and its morphology is controlled by adding a crystal control agent. For the precursor, the nano-magnesium oxide product is obtained after calcination in a muffle furnace. During the calcination process, the particle size of nano-magnesium oxide is controlled by controlling factors such as calcination temperature and calcination time. With the help of X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and other testing methods, the precursor and nano-magnesium oxide are tested to determine their phase composition, product average particle size and morphology, and finally the process flow of preparing nano-magnesium oxide products with different particle sizes and morphologies is obtained.
The paper also studies the infrared absorption characteristics of nano-magnesium oxide products with different particle sizes and morphologies, and measures the infrared absorption band of nano-magnesium oxide by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and compares it with the infrared absorption characteristics of ordinary periclase to study its special properties. The research results show that when nano-magnesium oxide is prepared by liquid phase precipitation method, the main influencing factors are reaction time, reaction temperature, type and dosage of crystal form control agent, mechanical stirring speed, and calcination time and temperature.
All of the above factors affect the performance of nano-magnesium oxide products to a certain extent. The increase of stirring speed, the extension of reaction time and the increase of reaction temperature make nano-MgO grow in a certain direction, making its morphology tend to be short rod-like.