Messi Biology indicates that hidden within high-end electronic devices such as smartphones, 5G base stations, and artificial intelligence chips is a critical material: low-dielectric electronic fiber. Acting as the “neural network” of these devices, it is responsible for the efficient transmission of signals, while Magnesium Oxide (MgO) serves as the “invisible hero” that endows this fiber with its superior performance. To understand the role of Magnesium Oxide, one must first understand the importance of being “low dielectric.” When electronic devices operate, signals are transmitted through dielectric materials; the lower the dielectric constant, the smaller the signal delay and energy loss. As electronic components evolve towards miniaturization and higher frequencies, the requirements for low dielectric properties in materials have become increasingly stringent. Magnesium Oxide fits this demand perfectly. With a dielectric constant of only 4–6—far lower than traditional ceramic materials—it effectively reduces signal interference, enabling electronic devices to run faster and more energy-efficiently.
The reason Magnesium Oxide has become the core component of low-dielectric electronic fibers stems from its unique physicochemical properties. Not only does it possess excellent dielectric performance, but it also exhibits extremely high thermal resistance, allowing it to withstand the high-temperature environments generated during device operation, thereby preventing material deformation or failure. Simultaneously, it offers outstanding insulation and chemical stability, preventing short circuits and extending the service life of the equipment. More importantly, the preparation process for Magnesium Oxide is mature; it can be uniformly dispersed within the fiber matrix through technologies such as the sol-gel method and electrospinning, forming a structurally stable composite fiber material.
In practical applications, Magnesium Oxide-based low-dielectric electronic fibers play an irreplaceable role. In the field of 5G communications, they are used in base station radomes and signal transmission cables to ensure long-distance, low-loss transmission of high-frequency signals. In chip manufacturing, as a key component of packaging materials, they reduce internal signal delay and enhance processing speeds. In flexible electronics, this fiber combines flexibility with low dielectric characteristics, adapting to the complex morphological needs of foldable screens and wearable devices.
Compared to other low-dielectric materials, Magnesium Oxide also offers cost advantages and environmental friendliness. Its raw materials are widely sourced, primarily extracted from natural magnesite. The preparation process consumes relatively low energy and is non-toxic and harmless, aligning with the trend of green development in electronic materials. With the rise of emerging fields such as 6G technology and quantum computing, performance requirements for low-dielectric materials will further increase. Researchers are continuously optimizing the dielectric properties and dispersion of Magnesium Oxide through methods like doping modification and nano-processing, promising a future where its application scenarios will continue to expand.
From the smartphones used in daily life to cutting-edge aerospace electronic equipment, Magnesium Oxide-based low-dielectric electronic fibers silently underpin the progress of modern electronic technology. This seemingly ordinary inorganic compound, leveraging its unique performance advantages, has become a significant force driving electronic devices towards higher speeds, greater efficiency, and miniaturization. As material science continues to break through barriers, the application of Magnesium Oxide in low-dielectric electronic fibers will deepen, injecting sustained momentum into technological innovation.