Magnesium carbonate is a commonly used pharmaceutical excipient and active ingredient in the pharmaceutical industry. Due to its good adsorption, neutralizing properties, biocompatibility, and stability, it is widely used in various drug formulations, especially in gastrointestinal medications, where it plays a significant role.
1. Antacid Ingredient
Mechanism of Action: Magnesium carbonate is an alkaline substance that can neutralize stomach acid (hydrochloric acid), thereby relieving discomfort caused by excessive stomach acid, such as stomach pain, heartburn, and acid reflux.
Typical Formulations:
- Compound Formulations: Often used in combination with aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, etc., to enhance buffering capacity and reduce side effects.
- Examples:
Compound Gastric Soothing Tablets (containing magnesium carbonate + aluminum hydroxide)
Ordinary antacid chewable tablets
Common ingredient in OTC stomach medications
Advantages:
Relatively fast-acting and mild in effect.
Reduces the irritation of gastric juice on the gastric mucosa.
More suitable for patients with hypertension compared to sodium-based antacids.
2. Drug Carrier and Diluent
Functions:
Used as a filler/diluent in tablets, capsules, and powders.
Provides good flowability and compressibility.
Possesses a certain degree of hygroscopic and sustained-release ability.
Applicable Drugs: Drugs sensitive to heat and humidity, drugs requiring controlled release, etc.
3. Adjunct Component of Gastric Mucosal Protectants
When used in combination with other drugs, it helps buffer stomach acid and improve the drug’s irritation to the stomach.
4. Application in Oral Medications
Used as an ingredient in toothpaste and mouthwash.
Utilizing its adsorption and mild alkalinity, it helps reduce the acidic environment in the mouth and improve the formation of dental plaque.
5. Magnesium Source in Nutritional Supplements
Although its bioavailability is relatively low (lower than magnesium chloride, magnesium lactate), it is still used in some magnesium supplements, especially in children’s medications, due to its good taste and stability.